CountryReviewed profile

AI Governance Profile

United States AI Governance Profile

Source-based profile of United States AI governance, tracking federal and state policy signals, agency guidance, standards activity, and enterprise implications.

Last reviewed 2026-10-17

Executive Order 14434: Super Intelligence terminology

Profile at a glance

Executive overview

Key signals for United States AI governance, structured for quick institutional review before the full profile analysis below.

Region

North America

Governance model

Sectoral and standards-led governance

Regulatory maturity

Advanced

Enterprise impact

High

Public-sector readiness

Developing

Enforcement maturity

Developing

Enterprise implications

Enterprises should maintain a two-level compliance map. At federal level, monitor executive policy, OMB use and acquisition memoranda, NIST testing and documentation, FTC consumer-protection authority, procurement expectations and sector rules. At state level, assess whether Texas HB 149, California SB 53, Colorado’s 2027 regime, or another state statute applies to the product, developer, deployment or affected people. Proposed FTC or Colorado materials and voluntary NIST frameworks should not be treated as binding law, but they can signal implementation and enforcement expectations.

Read full enterprise implications

Major policy and regulatory signals

AI in Government Act of 2020
Executive Order 13960: Promoting the Use of Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in the Federal Government
Advancing American AI Act
NIST AI Risk Management Framework 1.0
Executive Order 14179: Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence

Browse policies and frameworks

Key institutions

National Institute of Standards and Technology
Office of Management and Budget
Federal Trade Commission

Watchlist

What We're Monitoring

Upcoming milestones, unresolved regulatory questions and implementation developments that may change the governance landscape.

Federal agency implementation guidance
State-level AI legislation
Sector-specific enforcement activity
NIST TEVV-Athlon and public-facing AI documentation drafts and comment outcomes
NIST AITE evaluation scope, participation, and publication of comparable results
FTC follow-up on the proposed AI-accuracy policy statement
AI-related FTC enforcement and consumer-protection orders
Implementation of NSPM-11 across federal agencies and national-security AI programmes
Texas HB 149 implementation and Texas Attorney General enforcement or guidance
California SB 53 implementation and frontier-AI enforcement activity
Colorado’s 2027 commencement and final rules for automated decision-making and chatbot safety
Additional state attorney-general AI enforcement and sector-specific state legislation
Implementation of Executive Order 14434 terminology changes and any subsequent legislative proposal; distinguish executive direction from a future congressional change
Use and evolution of NIST ARIA-style evaluation methods in federal assurance practice
Follow-on NIST/NSA/CISA frontier-AI incident playbooks, technical updates or separately adopted binding agency/sector requirements; current ten practices are voluntary

Source basis

Official source basis

This profile is grounded in official laws, policy documents, regulator guidance, standards, and public-sector source materials listed below.

Executive summary

The United States continues to rely on a federal mix of executive policy, agency authority, procurement direction, standards activity, and sectoral enforcement rather than a single comprehensive AI law. Since the previous review, NIST has expanded the federal testing and evaluation infrastructure through its AI Technology Evaluation programme, a draft TEVV-Athlon framework, and a public-facing AI documentation zero draft. These are voluntary, draft, or implementation-support instruments, not binding federal AI regulations.

The Federal Trade Commission has also proposed a policy statement on suppression of accuracy in AI systems and finalized orders against firms accused of deceptive claims about an AI-powered marketing service. Those developments strengthen the profile’s consumer-protection and enforcement signal without creating a new horizontal AI statute.

The state layer has also produced material developments. Texas HB 149 is effective from 1 January 2026; California’s SB 53 establishes current frontier-AI requirements; and Colorado’s enacted automated-decision and chatbot framework is scheduled for 1 January 2027, with Attorney General rulemaking materials published in August 2026. These state measures must remain distinct from federal guidance and from each other.

For federal agencies and enterprises, the current U.S. governance pattern is therefore a two-level, standards-led and enforcement-sensitive system: NIST measurement and risk-management resources, OMB federal-use and acquisition memoranda, White House national-security policy, agency authority, procurement controls, state statutes, state AG implementation, and sector-specific rules must be read together.

Governance architecture

The United States has a two-level AI governance architecture. Federal executive policy, OMB memoranda, agency authority, procurement, NIST standards and testing, and FTC enforcement form one layer; state legislatures and attorneys general form a second layer through statutes and implementation activity such as Texas HB 149, California SB 53, and Colorado’s enacted 2027 automated-decision regime. These layers should not be collapsed into a single federal AI code. NIST’s 2026 testing and documentation work expands voluntary assurance infrastructure, while FTC and state enforcement channels create practical compliance exposure.

Major policies and frameworks

Policy	Issuer	Year	Status	Summary
AI in Government Act of 2020	U.S. Congress	2020	Binding law	Statutory foundation for federal AI use, including OMB guidance, agency planning, the GSA AI Center of Excellence, and federal AI workforce provisions.
Executive Order 13960: Promoting the Use of Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in the Federal Government	Executive Office of the President	2020	Executive order	Establishes principles for trustworthy AI use by federal agencies, including lawful, purposeful, accurate, safe, secure, understandable, responsible, and transparent AI use.
Advancing American AI Act	U.S. Congress	2022	Binding law	Federal statute supporting AI adoption and procurement within government, including OMB guidance and agency implementation responsibilities.
NIST AI Risk Management Framework 1.0	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2023	Voluntary framework	Core voluntary U.S. AI risk-management framework organized around Govern, Map, Measure, and Manage functions.
Executive Order 14179: Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence	The White House	2025	Executive order	Current executive-policy anchor directing a pro-innovation federal AI policy reset and review of prior federal AI actions.
OMB M-25-21: Accelerating Federal Use of AI through Innovation, Governance, and Public Trust	Office of Management and Budget	2025	Memorandum	Core federal agency-use memorandum requiring AI governance, agency AI strategies, inventories, Chief AI Officers, and minimum practices for high-impact AI.
OMB M-25-22: Driving Efficient Acquisition of Artificial Intelligence in Government	Office of Management and Budget	2025	Memorandum	Federal AI procurement memorandum covering acquisition strategy, vendor competition, interoperability, privacy, intellectual property, data rights, and cross-functional review.
America’s AI Action Plan	The White House / AI.gov	2025	Policy plan	Current federal AI strategy document focused on innovation, infrastructure, and international diplomacy and security.
NIST Artificial Intelligence Technology Evaluation (AITE)	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2026	Voluntary testing and evaluation programme	NIST programme providing a sequestered testbed for volunteer evaluation of AI models using common data, metrics, and scoring across domains and modalities.
NIST TEVV-Athlon Framework for Evaluating AI Systems	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2026	Draft technical framework / public consultation	Initial public draft framework for testing, evaluation, verification, and validation processes across AI systems, including generative and agentic systems; comments are invited through 6 October 2026.
NIST Guidance and Templates for Public-Facing AI Documentation zero draft	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2026	Draft standards-development material	Initial public zero draft for guidance and templates on documenting public-facing AI systems; NIST is collecting input for a subsequent revision.
FTC proposed policy statement concerning suppression of accuracy in AI systems	Federal Trade Commission	2026	Proposed agency policy statement - not final or binding rule	Proposed statement addressing the application of Section 5 of the FTC Act to companies that market AI systems alleged to manipulate system behaviour contrary to reasonable consumer expectations.
FTC orders concerning deceptive claims about an AI-powered active-listening service	Federal Trade Commission	2026	Enforcement action	FTC finalized orders against Cox Media Group and two firms, requiring a total of $930,000 in settlements over alleged deception about an AI-powered marketing service and consumer consent.
National Security Presidential Memorandum NSPM-11	The White House	2026	Presidential national-security memorandum / current federal policy directive	Federal national-security direction relevant to advanced AI, security, critical infrastructure and implementation coordination. It is executive policy, not a generally applicable statute or regulation.
Texas HB 149 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act	Texas Legislature / Texas Attorney General	2025–2026	Binding state statute, effective 2026-01-01	Texas AI governance statute creating state-level duties and enforcement mechanisms for covered AI activity. It is a state law and should not be described as federal regulation.
California SB 53 — Frontier Artificial Intelligence	California Legislature / California Attorney General	2026	Binding state statute	California frontier-AI statute creating state-level requirements and enforcement architecture for covered developers and systems.
Colorado automated-decision and chatbot AI regime	Colorado General Assembly / Colorado Attorney General	2026	Enacted state legislation — scheduled to apply 2027-01-01	Colorado’s enacted automated-decision and chatbot safety framework is not yet applicable before 1 January 2027; the source page also tracks implementation materials.
Colorado Attorney General proposed AI rules	Colorado Attorney General	2026	Proposed implementing rules / rulemaking material	Proposed implementation materials for Colorado’s automated-decision and chatbot statutes. These are not final rules and should not be treated as currently binding requirements.
Executive Order: Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for American Youth	The White House	2025	Executive order	Federal AI education and literacy order establishing an AI education task force, Presidential AI Challenge, K-12 partnerships, and educator training priorities.
NIST AI RMF: Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2024	Voluntary framework profile	Generative AI companion profile to the NIST AI RMF, identifying risks unique to or exacerbated by generative AI and suggested risk-management actions.
NIST SP 800-218A: Secure Software Development Practices for Generative AI and Dual-Use Foundation Models	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2024	Technical guidance	Secure software development profile for generative AI and dual-use foundation models, useful for AI model producers, system producers, and acquirers.
GAO Artificial Intelligence Accountability Framework	U.S. Government Accountability Office	2021	Institutional report	Official accountability framework for AI oversight, organized around governance, data, performance, and monitoring.
Executive Order 14434 — Inaugurating the Era of Super Intelligence	White House	2026	Executive order — executive-branch direction within lawful authority	To the maximum extent permitted by law, departments and agencies must use “Super Intelligence” / “SI” in specified non-statutory executive-branch materials. Previously issued regulations, Presidential actions, contracts, grants and historical documents need not be altered. For this order SI incorporates the existing AI definition in 15 U.S.C. § 9401(3); Congress has not changed that statutory definition. This is not a new horizontal enterprise AI statute.
NIST ARIA Evaluation Planning Manual	National Institute of Standards and Technology	2026	Official technical / evaluation guidance — non-binding	ARIA-style evaluation planning combines model testing, red teaming and user testing. The manual is an official evaluation methodology, not binding federal AI law.
Key Practices for Incident Readiness and Response in Super Intelligence Training and Evaluation	NIST CAISSI / NSA SISC / CISA	2026	Voluntary federal technical guidance — published 2026-10-16	On 16 October 2026 NIST CAISSI, NSA SISC and CISA published ten voluntary practices for frontier AI / Super Intelligence training and evaluation. They cover preparation, detection, response, recovery and reporting, including significant uninstructed agent actions. This is technical guidance, not new binding legislation or a general incident-reporting mandate.

Policy timeline

Milestones are grouped relative to the last review; source date precision is retained.

Recorded milestones

2020

AI in Government Act enacted

Congress establishes federal AI-in-government provisions, including OMB guidance, agency planning, the GSA AI Center of Excellence, and workforce-related measures.

2020

Executive Order 13960 establishes trustworthy AI principles for federal use

The federal government sets principles for trustworthy AI use by agencies, including lawful, purposeful, accurate, safe, secure, understandable, responsible, and transparent use.

2022

Advancing American AI Act enacted

Congress strengthens federal AI adoption and procurement direction, including OMB guidance and agency implementation responsibilities.

2023

NIST releases AI Risk Management Framework 1.0

NIST publishes the voluntary AI RMF, creating a common U.S. risk-management vocabulary around Govern, Map, Measure, and Manage.

2024

NIST releases Generative AI Profile and secure-development guidance

NIST publishes a generative AI profile for the AI RMF and related secure-development guidance for generative AI and dual-use foundation models.

Jan. 2025

Executive Order 14110 revoked

The White House rescinds prior executive actions, including EO 14110, requiring the U.S. profile to treat EO 14110-era executive policy as historical or superseded where applicable.

Jan. 2025

Executive Order 14179 resets federal AI policy direction

The White House issues a new AI executive order focused on removing barriers to American AI leadership and reviewing prior federal AI policies.

2025

HHS and DOL publish agency AI compliance and implementation materials

Federal agencies begin operationalizing OMB AI governance through compliance plans, strategies, governance boards, inventories, and workforce development initiatives.

Apr. 2025

OMB issues M-25-21 on federal agency AI use

OMB establishes current federal agency-use requirements, including Chief AI Officers, agency AI strategies, AI inventories, and high-impact AI risk practices.

Apr. 2025

OMB issues M-25-22 on federal AI acquisition

OMB sets current federal AI procurement expectations covering competition, interoperability, privacy, intellectual property, data rights, and acquisition review.

Apr. 2025

White House issues AI education executive order

The White House launches federal AI education and literacy initiatives, including an AI education task force, Presidential AI Challenge, and educator training.

Dec. 2025

OMB issues M-26-04 on public trust and unbiased AI principles

OMB issues additional AI guidance relevant to federal public trust and unbiased AI principles; full scope should be monitored through the OMB memoranda index.

2026-01-01

Texas HB 149 takes effect

Texas’s Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act became effective as a state statute, creating a state-level governance and enforcement layer distinct from federal policy.

2026

California SB 53 establishes a frontier-AI state-law layer

California’s current SB 53 framework adds state-level frontier-AI requirements and enforcement architecture; it is not federal law.

June 2026

White House issues AI innovation and security executive order

The White House adds a frontier-model and AI security watchlist item, including voluntary review and cybersecurity coordination signals.

2026-06-05

NSPM-11 adds a federal AI national-security policy layer

The White House issued NSPM-11, adding current executive national-security direction relevant to advanced AI and implementation coordination; it is not a generally applicable statute or regulation.

2026-07 to 2026-08

NIST expands AI testing, evaluation, and documentation work

NIST launched AITE, released a draft TEVV-Athlon framework for public comment, and published a public-facing AI documentation zero draft, strengthening voluntary federal assurance and standards infrastructure.

2026-07-01

FTC proposed AI-accuracy policy statement

The FTC invited comment on a proposed policy statement applying Section 5 deceptive-practices principles to alleged suppression of accuracy in AI systems; it remains proposed agency policy, not a binding rule.

2026-08-11

Colorado Attorney General publishes proposed AI rules

The Colorado Attorney General published proposed implementing materials; these remain proposed rules, not final binding regulations.

2026-08-27

FTC finalized deceptive-AI marketing orders

FTC finalized orders requiring Cox Media Group and two other firms to pay $930,000 over alleged deceptive claims about an AI-powered marketing service and consumer consent.

2026-09-18

NIST ARIA Evaluation Planning Manual

Official technical / evaluation guidance — non-binding. ARIA-style evaluation planning combines model testing, red teaming and user testing. The manual is an official evaluation methodology, not binding federal AI law.

2026-09-29

Executive Order 14434 — Inaugurating the Era of Super Intelligence

Executive order — executive-branch direction within lawful authority. To the maximum extent permitted by law, departments and agencies must use “Super Intelligence” / “SI” in specified non-statutory executive-branch materials. Previously issued regulations, Presidential actions, contracts, grants and historical documents need not be altered. For this order SI incorporates the existing AI definition in 15 U.S.C. § 9401(3); Congress has not changed that statutory definition. This is not a new horizontal enterprise AI statute.

2026-10-16

NIST, NSA and CISA publish voluntary frontier-AI incident practices

On 16 October 2026 NIST CAISSI, NSA SISC and CISA published ten voluntary practices for frontier AI / Super Intelligence training and evaluation. They cover preparation, detection, response, recovery and reporting, including significant uninstructed agent actions. This is technical guidance, not new binding legislation or a general incident-reporting mandate.

Scheduled milestones

2027-01-01

Colorado automated-decision and chatbot regime scheduled to apply

Colorado’s enacted automated-decision and chatbot framework is scheduled for application from 1 January 2027, subject to final scope and implementation materials.

Enterprise implications

NIST’s ARIA methodology adds a practical federal reference for combining model testing, red teaming and user testing. It remains technical guidance rather than a generally binding enterprise requirement. The September executive order changes specified executive-branch terminology within lawful authority; it does not change Congress’s statutory AI definition or create a horizontal private-sector AI regime.

Organisations training or evaluating highly capable models can use the joint NIST/NSA/CISA practices to plan incident scenarios, escalation, containment, recovery and lessons learned. Voluntary reporting recommendations must remain distinct from independently applicable sector-specific cybersecurity or notification duties.

Observatory interpretation

The United States is best classified as a two-level, sectoral and standards-led governance system. Federal executive policy and agency authority remain central, but state statutes and state attorney-general activity now materially shape enterprise exposure. The profile therefore distinguishes federal directives, voluntary standards, proposed agency policy, enacted state law, future commencement dates, and enforcement actions rather than treating all U.S. AI policy as one national regime.

Official resources

Resource	Source	Type	Date	Legal force	Why it matters
White House Presidential Actions Official source hub for executive orders, presidential memoranda, and presidential actions relevant to AI governance. Resource type: Official source hub. Legal force/status: Source hub.	The White House	Guidance	Current	Not applicable	Federal executive foundation, watchlist, and policy timeline.
OMB Memoranda Index Official index for OMB memoranda, including current federal AI use and acquisition guidance. Resource type: Official source hub. Legal force/status: Source hub.	Office of Management and Budget	Guidance	Current	Not applicable	Federal agency governance, procurement, and implementation.
AI.gov Central federal AI portal for current administration AI initiatives, strategy, and public-facing AI policy resources. Resource type: Official portal. Legal force/status: Implementation signal.	The White House / AI.gov	Guidance	Current	Guidance	Current policy posture, AI Action Plan, and watchlist.
America’s AI Action Plan Official portal for America’s AI Action Plan, organized around innovation, infrastructure, and international diplomacy and security. Resource type: Policy plan. Legal force/status: Policy plan.	The White House / AI.gov	Strategy	2025	Guidance	Strategic direction and current policy framing.
Federal Register Official publication source for executive orders, proposed rules, final rules, notices, and agency regulatory actions. Resource type: Official legal publication source. Legal force/status: Official publication record.	Office of the Federal Register	Law	Current	Not applicable	Executive orders, rules, official dates, and archival verification.
NIST AI Risk Management Framework Official NIST hub for the AI Risk Management Framework and related AI risk-management resources. Resource type: Framework hub. Legal force/status: Voluntary framework.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Framework	2023	Voluntary	Risk management framework, enterprise implications, and governance model.
NIST Trustworthy and Responsible AI Resource Center NIST resource center supporting implementation of trustworthy and responsible AI practices, including AI RMF resources, playbooks, profiles, and crosswalks. Resource type: Implementation resource hub. Legal force/status: Official guidance / implementation support.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Guidance	Current	Guidance	Risk-management operationalization and technical implementation.
GAO Artificial Intelligence GAO source hub for AI accountability, oversight, federal implementation, and audit-related AI reports. Resource type: Official oversight hub. Legal force/status: Institutional report / oversight source.	U.S. Government Accountability Office	Report	Current	Not applicable	Accountability framework, federal oversight, and QA support.
FTC Artificial Intelligence FTC AI topic hub covering consumer protection, deceptive AI claims, unfair or deceptive practices, and AI-related enforcement materials. Resource type: Agency topic hub. Legal force/status: Agency enforcement / implementation signal.	Federal Trade Commission	Enforcement case	Current	Guidance	Consumer protection, deceptive AI claims, and enterprise enforcement risk.
EEOC Artificial Intelligence and the ADA EEOC resource hub on artificial intelligence, employment, disability rights, and ADA-related risks. Resource type: Agency guidance hub. Legal force/status: Official guidance.	Equal Employment Opportunity Commission	Guidance	Current	Guidance	Employment AI, civil rights, disability accommodation, and workforce implications.
DOJ Civil Rights Division DOJ Civil Rights Division source for civil-rights enforcement and automated-system discrimination issues. Resource type: Agency enforcement hub. Legal force/status: Agency enforcement / civil-rights source.	U.S. Department of Justice	Enforcement case	Current	Guidance	Civil-rights enforcement and sectoral AI governance.
HHS AI Strategy and Implementation HHS hub for AI strategy, compliance planning, governance, and responsible AI implementation in health and human services. Resource type: Agency implementation hub. Legal force/status: Agency strategy / implementation signal.	U.S. Department of Health and Human Services	Strategy	Current	Guidance	Health-sector governance and agency implementation.
FDA Artificial Intelligence in Software as a Medical Device FDA source hub for AI and machine learning in software as a medical device, including regulatory pathways and lifecycle-management guidance. Resource type: Sectoral regulatory guidance hub. Legal force/status: Official guidance / sectoral regulatory source.	U.S. Food and Drug Administration	Guidance	Current	Guidance	Health AI, medical-device AI, and sectoral regulation.
Department of Labor Artificial Intelligence DOL source hub for AI compliance plans, strategies, inventories, workforce guidance, and AI literacy materials. Resource type: Agency implementation hub. Legal force/status: Agency strategy / implementation signal.	U.S. Department of Labor	Strategy	Current	Guidance	Workforce, labor, AI literacy, and agency implementation.
DHS Artificial Intelligence DHS source hub for homeland-security AI use, AI inventories, public-sector deployment, and agency AI strategy. Resource type: Agency implementation hub. Legal force/status: Agency strategy / implementation signal.	U.S. Department of Homeland Security	Strategy	Current	Guidance	Federal agency governance, public-sector AI, and security-related implementation.
CISA Artificial Intelligence CISA source hub for AI cybersecurity, critical infrastructure, secure AI adoption, and cyber-risk coordination. Resource type: Cybersecurity guidance hub. Legal force/status: Official guidance / cybersecurity implementation signal.	Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency	Guidance	Current	Guidance	AI cybersecurity, enterprise risk, and critical-infrastructure governance.
Congress.gov Official source for federal statutes, bills, public laws, and legislative history relevant to AI governance. Resource type: Official legislative source. Legal force/status: Binding law / bill record source.	U.S. Congress	Law	Current	Binding	Statutory foundation and policy timeline.
CRS Reports Official congressional research reports useful for policy background, legal context, and federal AI governance synthesis. Resource type: Official secondary research source. Legal force/status: Official secondary source.	Congressional Research Service	Report	Current	Not applicable	Source triangulation, legal-background context, and research QA.
NIST Artificial Intelligence Technology Evaluation NIST’s sequestered, volunteer AI model evaluation programme using common data, metrics, and scoring.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Report	2026-07-27	Not applicable	Concrete federal testing infrastructure for AI performance comparison and evaluation integrity.
NIST TEVV-Athlon Framework for Evaluating AI Systems Initial public draft of a framework for AI testing, evaluation, verification, and validation, open for comment through 2026-10-06.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Standard	2026-08-07	Draft	Adds current U.S. assurance and technical-standardisation activity; it is not a final standard or binding rule.
NIST Guidance and Templates for Public-Facing AI Documentation zero draft Initial public zero draft for public-facing AI documentation guidance and templates.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Standard	2026-07-29	Draft	Signals emerging documentation practice while preserving the distinction between a draft standards input and a final requirement.
FTC proposed policy statement concerning suppression of accuracy in AI systems Proposed FTC policy statement on applying Section 5 principles to AI accuracy and alleged manipulation of AI system behaviour.	Federal Trade Commission	Guidance	2026-07-01	Proposed	A live consumer-protection policy signal, but not a final policy or binding rule.
FTC orders concerning deceptive claims about an AI-powered active-listening service Finalized FTC orders and settlements concerning alleged deception about an AI-powered marketing service and consumer consent.	Federal Trade Commission	Enforcement case	2026-08-27	Not applicable	Concrete enforcement evidence for deceptive AI claims and privacy/consent risk.
National Security Presidential Memorandum NSPM-11 Current federal presidential memorandum on AI-related national-security policy and implementation.	The White House	Public-sector rule	2026-06-05	Binding	Adds a federal executive-policy layer relevant to advanced AI and security without presenting it as a generally applicable statute.
Texas HB 149 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act Binding Texas AI statute effective 1 January 2026.	Texas Legislature / Texas Attorney General	Law	2026-01-01	Binding	Shows that material U.S. AI governance now exists at state level and must be assessed separately from federal guidance.
Texas Attorney General consumer AI rights and complaints Official implementation and consumer-protection page explaining AI-related rights and complaint pathways under Texas law.	Texas Attorney General	Enforcement case	2026	Guidance	Provides the state implementation and enforcement-facing source for HB 149.
California SB 53 — Frontier Artificial Intelligence Official California source for the current frontier-AI statute and implementation information.	California Legislature / California Attorney General	Law	2026	Binding	Adds a distinct state frontier-AI regime to the U.S. profile.
Colorado automated-decision and chatbot AI laws Official Colorado implementation page for enacted automated-decision and chatbot safety legislation scheduled to apply from 1 January 2027.	Colorado Attorney General	Law	2026	Binding	Preserves the distinction between enacted law and its future application date.
Colorado Attorney General proposed AI rules Proposed implementation materials for Colorado AI statutes.	Colorado Attorney General	Guidance	2026-08-11	Proposed	A live rulemaking signal, but not final binding regulation.
Executive Order 14434 — Inaugurating the Era of Super Intelligence Executive order — executive-branch direction within lawful authority. To the maximum extent permitted by law, departments and agencies must use “Super Intelligence” / “SI” in specified non-statutory executive-branch materials. Previously issued regulations, Presidential actions, contracts, grants and historical documents need not be altered. For this order SI incorporates the existing AI definition in 15 U.S.C. § 9401(3); Congress has not changed that statutory definition. This is not a new horizontal enterprise AI statute.	White House	Public-sector rule	2026-09-29	Binding	Review executive-branch terminology in new federal documents without treating it as a generally binding private-sector AI regime.
NIST ARIA Evaluation Planning Manual Official technical / evaluation guidance — non-binding. ARIA-style evaluation planning combines model testing, red teaming and user testing. The manual is an official evaluation methodology, not binding federal AI law.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Guidance	2026-09-18	Guidance	Use as a practical assurance reference; no generally binding enterprise evaluation duty is created.
Key Practices for Incident Readiness and Response in Super Intelligence Training and Evaluation Joint technical document setting out ten voluntary practices across five incident-management stages for highly capable agents.	NIST CAISSI / NSA SISC / CISA	Guidance	2026-10-16	Voluntary	Supports incident readiness without imposing a general nationwide notification duty.
NIST announcement of joint incident-readiness practices On 16 October 2026 NIST CAISSI, NSA SISC and CISA published ten voluntary practices for frontier AI / Super Intelligence training and evaluation. They cover preparation, detection, response, recovery and reporting, including significant uninstructed agent actions. This is technical guidance, not new binding legislation or a general incident-reporting mandate.	National Institute of Standards and Technology	Report	2026-10-16	Not applicable	Confirms publication, joint authorship, intended audience and voluntary status.